What are humans adapted for? -- Upstanding apes: how we became bipeds -- Much depends on dinner: how the Australopiths partly weaned us off fruit -- First hunter-gatherers: how nearly modern bodies evolved in the human genus -- Energy in the ice age: how we evolved big brains along with large, fat, gradually growing bodies -- A very cultured species: how modern humans colonized the world with a combination of brains plus brawn -- Progress, mismatch, and dysevolution: the consequences -- good and bad -- of having paleolithic bodies in a post-paleolithic world -- Paradise lost?: the fruits and follies of becoming farmers -- Modern times, modern bodies: the paradox of human health in the industrial era -- Vicious circle of too much: why too much energy can make us sick -- Disuse: why we are losing it by not using it -- Hidden dangers of novelty and comfort: how everyday innovations can damage us -- Survival of the fitter: can evolutionary logic help cultivate a better future for the human body?